Who was Mir Jafar? And how the British government occupied Bengal and India
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Dear Readers:
Mir Jafar's real name was Jafar Ali Khan and he was a chief in the army of Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah.
Later he rose to the rank of commander He was a very bad man.
His eyes were on the throne of Bengal He wanted the young Nawab to remove Siraj-ud-Daulah and become Nawab himself.
So he betrayed Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and paved the way for his defeat and victory over the British.
After which Bengal was practically occupied by the British.
The British appointed Mir Jafar as the Nawab of Bengal in 1757 He was a puppet ruler
The absolute authority was in the hands of Lord Robert Clive Therefore, the British had the freedom to plunder.
They robbed the Bengali people of their livelihood. Their carpet business was ruined.
The British deposed the Bengali people and fixed their pensions.
And made his son-in-law Mir Qasim Ali Khan Nawab Which was anti-British When he fought the British, the British made Mir Jafar Nawab again.
That is why the Islamic government ended in Bengal.
Mir Jafar died on February 5, 1765.
Allama Iqbal had said
جعفر از بنگال و صدق از دکن
ننگ آدم ننگ دین ننگ وطن
(Jafar of Bengal and Sadiq of Deccan are a disgrace to the Islamic nation, a disgrace to the Islamic religion, and a disgrace to the homeland)
Jang Plassey is that war:
Which is considered the cornerstone of British rule in the subcontinent.
This battle was fought on June 23, 1757.
The background of this war was that the British who came to India in the form of traders Impressed by India's wealth, they began to dream of seizing it.
And they first planned to occupy Bengal.
Bengal in those days was ruled by Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah.
The British led by Lord Clive He lured many princes and generals of Siraj-ud-Daulah to join him.
On 23rd June 1757, a decisive battle took place between the British and Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey.
A large part of the Siraj al-Dawlah's army was commanded by Mir Jafar and Mir Jafar stood without any confrontation the result was the defeat of Siraj-ud-Daulah.
Then Siraj-ud-Daulah was also forced to flee the battlefield He was arrested by Mir Jafar's son and killed Siraj al-Dawla and thus the conquest of Plassey paved the way for the establishment of British rule in India.
The colonial era of British colonialism was based on colonial philosophy.
To strengthen the social roots of this philosophy, the concept of European superiority was introduced.
It is as if a statement has been made that Westerners are advanced and liberal.
Muslims are against extremism and scientific imagination.
The curriculum was used as a shield to make these ideas a reality.
For this purpose, the history of British India was written by James Mill The company later hired him in 1823.
The company also hired his two sons, John Start and James Bentham.
James Mill wrote a book on the political history of India to protect the interests of the settlers his son, John Start Mill, wrote a pamphlet in support of English language education to lay the foundation for a colonial educational structure.
The tragic faces of the history of the British colonial era have been painted in India
So the British settlers were presented as innovators Thus the British Raj was divided into two parts.
The first period was under the East India Company and the second period was under the British Empire.
The facilitators of colonialism deliberately distributed it The aim was economic destruction and plunder of resources in India before 1857 So put it in the company's account.
British colonialism wants separation from its interventionist role Otherwise, Thomas Rowe, as ambassador to the British monarch, would have spent four years trying to obtain a trade permit at Jahangir's court.
When the British King received this permission, the British Parliament have a charter to the East India Company for trade with India.
Members of the British Parliament became shareholders of the company, which acquired civil rights in India in 1765 So in 1769, the company entered into an agreement with Parliament to deposit Indian wealth in the British treasury.
The company began depositing لاکھ 400,000 a year into the British treasury with the proceeds of the civil war.
Mir Jafar and Robert Clive
Before Ali Vardi Khan died, 22-year-old Siraj-ud-Daulah was enthroned at the behest of the company, before taking over the civil power.
And in February 1757 the company acquired the authority to issue tax exemptions and coins in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa under the treaty.
Mir Jafar Khan Bahadur also signed this agreement In fact, Mir Jafar played a crucial role in brokering the deal.
Subsequent to the seals of Siraj-ud-Daulah, the subordinate administrators of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa were issued non-collection taxes from the company.
As soon as Siraj-ud-Daulah ascended the throne, his incompetence, and irrationality were pointed out by Shah Waliullah Muhaddis Dahlvi in his Book, and then the same thing happened.
The Battle of Plassey took place in 1757.
General Mir Jafar betrayed this land and became a British spy laying the foundations of British colonialism for the sake of the throne.
Mir Jafar's mansion is today a symbol of the door of haram eating.
On June 23, 1757, after the battle of Plassey, Mir Jafar's treachery was rewarded on the throne.
And for that, Col. Robert Clive, the company's representative, made a deal.
The 13-point agreement was signed on the 15th of Ramadan, 1757.
See the terms of the agreement:
1. On the day of peace, an agreement was reached with Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah Mansoor-ul-Mulk Shah Wali Khan Bahadur Hebat Jang in the days of peace I will abide by it completely.
2. The enemies of the British are my (Mir Jafar) enemies, whether they are Indians or Europeans.
3. All French-owned assets and factories in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa will remain in British hands Nor will I ever allow the French to settle in these provinces.
4. Losses during the occupation of East India Company Calcutta by Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and looting And to cover the expenses incurred on the forces, I will pay (the company) one crore rupees (compensation).
5. I am willing to pay 5 million Rupees to cover the loss of wealth looted from the British in Calcutta.
6. To compensate for the loss of wealth looted from Hindus, Muslims, and other residents of Calcutta, I will pay Rs. 2.5 million.
7. In return for the money looted from the Armenians of Calcutta, I will pay the company 7 lakhs Rs. Colonel Clive authorized the distribution of money to the company among the British, Hindus, and Muslims And shall be entrusted to the council of the company, to whom the company deems fit to distribute this amount.
8. Lands owned by landlords within a moat around Calcutta's borders In addition, I will name 100 yards of land around the trench land in the name of a permanent company.
9 South of Calcutta, as far as Klipi (area near Calcutta port) is located All land will be subject to the company's land tenure system, And all the officers in these areas will be under the jurisdiction of the company The company, like other landlords, will collect revenue from the said officers.
10. Whenever I (Mir Jafar) ask for the support of the company, I will also be responsible for the maintenance of the company.
11. I will not build a new fort under Hugli near the Ganges.
12. As soon as I form the government in all the three provinces, the aforesaid sums will be paid in good faith.
Under this agreement, the East India Company paid the treasury of Bengal to install Mir Jafar on the throne Which was 17 million rupees, Not only that He also got the authority to collect revenue in the areas of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
Following this agreement, Mir Jafar issued a certificate for the company's deputies in its subordinate areas It was released on July 15, 1757.
The text of this certificate clarifies that The company was plundering resources and destroying local traders and industries.
They also got the option to close down any local business Three years later, Mir Jafar was deposed and Mir Qasim was enthroned in 1760.
Then in 1762 Mir Jafar was again enthroned.
Throne also became a lucrative business for the company With this, the company acquired a fortune of Rs. 50 million from the Indian treasury.
Following this abundance of wealth in Europe, especially in Britain, Adam Smith wrote the book Wealth of Nations in 1776.
Which introduced the new principles of economic development, from the birth of wealth to the distribution of wealth, Written in Britain, the book became a bible for European capitalists.
After the return of Bengal's wealth, the value of the company's shares in the UK skyrocketed Thus, the shareholders of the company sitting in the British Parliament became silver.
In 1700, India accounted for 24.4% of world trade And the UK's share was just 2.8 percent.
This proportion decreased to 12.2% in 1870 after the British occupation of India.
It was only after the abundance of wealth in Britain that European inventions and industrial development began.
To keep its grip on India strong, British Parliament introduces Governor-General.
In 1773, the post of Governor-General was created for Calcutta Which gave precedence to the company's Bombay and Madras presidencies, The salary for this term was set at 25,000.
Which was paid from the Indian treasury With that in mind, the British Parliament formed a five-member council.
And the power to nominate three members of this council rests with Parliament.
When Queen Victoria passed the ordinance in 1858 the British Parliament imposed it directly on India.
And all the assets under the company were taken over by the United Kingdom.
And the same Governor-General was replaced by the post of Viceroy.
Even after the partition of India, these positions still exist here in various forms
It is through these positions that the colonialism of the modern age determines the character of Mir Jafar for the local people and in the context of the post-colonial political structure, colonialism holds the lifeblood of the country's economy in its grip.
The younger generation should study the political and economic history of the region in depth and identify such characters.
Who impose the shackles of slavery on nations for positions.
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